Uyilo olutsha lwezithuthi ezingaphantsi komhlaba olusebenzisa umatshini, oluhlangabezana neemfuno zeendawo eziphantsi kolwandle

Imekobume engaphantsi kwamanzi ibangela imingeni emikhulu kuyilo lwetshasi.

Ubunzima bendawo yokusebenza engaphantsi kwamanzi bubeka iimfuno eziphezulu kuyilo lwesithuthi esingaphantsi komhlaba. Ezona mfuno zibalulekileyo ziquka:

1. Ukumelana noxinzelelo: Njengoko ubunzulu bukhula, uxinzelelo lwamanzi luyanda. Uyilo lwesithuthi esingaphantsi komatshini kufuneka lukwazi ukumelana namandla amakhulu asetyenziswa ngamanzi kubunzulu obahlukeneyo, anokudlula amakhulu ee-atmospheres.

2. Ukumelana nokugqwala: Amanzi anetyuwa adla ngokugqwala kakhulu. Izinto ezisetyenziselwa isithuthi sangaphantsi kwamanzi kufuneka zingagqwali ukuqinisekisa ukuba zihlala ixesha elide kwaye zithembekile. Oku kufuna ukusetyenziswa kweengubo ezikhethekileyo okanye izinto ezisetyenziswayo ukumelana nokuvezwa ixesha elide kwiindawo ezinobungozi zaselwandle.

3. Ukutshintshatshintsha kobushushu: Ubushushu obuphantsi kwamanzi bungahluka kakhulu, nto leyo echaphazela ukusebenza kwezinto kunye nezinto ezisetyenziswayo. Uyilo lwesithuthi esingaphantsi komhlaba kufuneka lukwazi ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kumanqanaba obushushu ahlukeneyo, ukusuka kubunzulu obubandayo bolwandle ukuya kumphezulu ofudumeleyo.

4. Ukutywina kunye nokukhusela: Ukungena kwamanzi kunokubangela ukungasebenzi kakuhle kweenkqubo zoomatshini. Ke ngoko, isisombululo sokutywina esisebenzayo sibalulekile ekukhuseleni izinto ezinobuthathaka ekonakaleni kwamanzi.

Uyilo oluzenzekelayo kunye nemveliso

Enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo ekuphuhliseni isithuthi esingaphantsi koomatshini esisetyenziswa phantsi kwamanzi yimfuno yoyilo olucwangcisiweyo kunye nemveliso ngokusekelwe kwiimfuno ezithile. Izisombululo zoyilo ezingasetyenziswanga rhoqo azihlangabezani neemfuno ezithile zezicelo ezizodwa zangaphantsi kwamanzi. Ukwenza ngokwezifiso akubandakanyi nje kuphela ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezisisiseko kodwa nokuqinisekisa ukuba kukho imisebenzi yokusebenza ethembekileyo phantsi kweemeko ezinzima. Imisebenzi edibeneyo eyenzelwe wena ngokusekelwe kwindalo esingqongileyo ibandakanya:

1. Ubukhulu kunye nokuma: Isithuthi esingaphantsi kwesithuthi kufuneka senzelwe ukulingana nobukhulu obuthile kunye neemfuno zokuthwala ubunzima besixhobo esiza kusigcina. Oku kunokubandakanya ukudala uyilo oluncinci lokunciphisa ukuxhathisa ngelixa kwandiswa indawo yangaphakathi yezinto.

2. Uyilo lweModular: Indlela yeModular yenza kube lula ukuphuculwa nokugcinwa kwesithuthi esingaphantsi komhlaba. Ngokuyila isithuthi esingaphantsi komhlaba esineendawo ezitshintshanayo, abaqhubi banokukhawuleza bazivumelanise neemfuno ezitshintshayo okanye batshintshe izinto ezonakeleyo ngaphandle kokuphinda baziyilele ngokupheleleyo.

3. Ukuhlanganiswa kobuChwepheshe: Njengoko imisebenzi engaphantsi kwamanzi ixhomekeke ngakumbi kubuchwepheshe obuphambili, isithuthi esingaphantsi komhlaba kufuneka silungiselele iisensa ezahlukeneyo, iikhamera, kunye nezixhobo zonxibelelwano. Uyilo olwenziwe ngokwezifiso lunokuqinisekisa ukuba ezi teknoloji zihlanganiswe ngokungenamthungo kwitshasi ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ulwakhiwo lwayo.

Iimfuno eziphezulu zokukhetha izinto

Ukukhethwa kwezinto zokuhambisa ngaphantsi kwamanzi yinto ephambili echaphazela ngqo ukusebenza kwayo kunye nokuqina kwayo. Ezi zinto zilandelayo zihlala zithathwa njengezifanelekileyo ukusetyenziswa phantsi kwamanzi:

Iialloy zeTitanium: Zidume ngomlinganiselo wazo obalaseleyo wokuqina-ubunzima kunye nokumelana nokugqwala, iialloy zeTitanium zihlala zisetyenziswa kwiindawo eziphantsi kwamanzi ezisebenza kakhulu. Ziyakwazi ukumelana noxinzelelo olukhulu kwaye azikhathali kukudinwa, nto leyo ezenza ukuba zibe lukhetho olufanelekileyo kwimisebenzi yolwandle olunzulu.

2. Intsimbi engagqwaliyo: Nangona ingekho lula njenge-titanium, intsimbi engagqwaliyo inokumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu kwaye isetyenziswa rhoqo kwiindawo apho ixabiso lixhalabisa khona. Intsimbi engagqwaliyo yodidi oluphezulu, efana ne-316L, isebenza kakhulu kwiindawo zaselwandle.

3. Ii-alloy ze-aluminium: Zilula ngobunzima kwaye azinamhlwa, ii-alloy ze-aluminium zihlala zisetyenziselwa i-chassis engaphantsi kwamanzi. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka ziphathwe ngeengubo zokukhusela ukuze zihlale ixesha elide emanzini anetyuwa.

4. Izinto ezidityanisiweyo: Izinto ezidityanisiweyo eziphambili, ezifana neepolymers eziqinisiweyo ze-carbon fiber, zibonelela ngomxube owahlukileyo wokukhanya okukhaphukhaphu nokomelela okuphezulu. Ezi zinto zinokwakhiwa ukuze zibe namandla agqwesileyo okuxinzelela kunye nokumelana nokugqwala, nto leyo ezenza zifaneleke ukusetyenziswa okukhethekileyo phantsi kwamanzi.

Ukusebenza kakuhle kokutywina kwecandelo

Ukuvala okusebenzayo kubalulekile ekuthinteleni ukungena kwamanzi nokuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kweenkqubo zoomatshini ezingaphantsi kwamanzi. Uyilo lwesithuthi esingaphantsi komhlaba kufuneka lubandakanye izisombululo ezahlukeneyo zokuvala, kuquka:

1. Ii-O-rings kunye nee-gaskets: Ezi zibalulekile ekudaleni izitywino ezingangeni manzi phakathi kwezinto. Ii-elastomers ezisemgangathweni ophezulu ezinokumelana nobushushu obugqithisileyo kunye noxinzelelo kufuneka zisetyenziswe ukuqinisekisa ubomi benkonzo ende.

2. Iikhompawundi zokufaka izinto ezidityanisiweyo: Kwizinto ze-elektroniki ezibuthathaka, iikhompawundi zokufaka izinto ezidityanisiweyo zinokubonelela ngomaleko owongezelelweyo wokukhusela ukuthintela ukungena kwamanzi. Ezi khompawundi zigubungela ezo zinto, zenze umqobo wokuthintela umonakalo womswakama.

3. Iivalvu zokulinganisela uxinzelelo: Ezi valve zinokulinganisa uxinzelelo ngaphakathi kwe-chassis kwaye zithintele ukwenziwa kwezitywino ze-vacuum ezinokubangela ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwesakhiwo. Zibaluleke kakhulu kwiindawo ezisetyenziswa kakhulu elwandle apho utshintsho loxinzelelo lunokuba lukhulu.

Isiphelo
Uyilo kunye nokuveliswa kwesithuthi esingaphantsi koomatshini esifanelekileyo kwimisebenzi engaphantsi kwamanzi kufuna ukuqonda okubanzi ngemingeni eyahlukileyo ebangelwa yimeko-bume yolwandle. Uyilo olulungiselelwe wena, ukukhethwa kwezinto ezisemgangathweni ophezulu, kunye nezisombululo zokuvala ezisebenzayo zizinto ezibalulekileyo ze-chassis engaphantsi kwamanzi ephumelelayo. Njengoko amashishini eqhubeka nokuhlola ubunzulu bolwandle, imfuno ye-chassis yoomatshini entsha nethembekileyo iya kwanda kuphela. Ngokuhlangabezana nezi mfuno zoyilo, abavelisi banokuqinisekisa ukuba iimveliso zabo ziyahlangabezana neemfuno ezingqongqo zokusebenza phantsi kwamanzi kwaye zivule indlela yokuqhubela phambili ekuhloleni, kuphando, nasekufumaneni izixhobo.

Ukuqukumbela, ikamva lemisebenzi engaphantsi kwamanzi lixhomekeke kubuchule bokuvelisa izithuthi ezingaphantsi koomatshini ezomeleleyo, ezinokuthenjwa nezisebenzayo ezinokumelana neemeko ezinzima zolwandle olunzulu. Ngokuqhubeka kwenzululwazi yezinto kunye nobunjineli, amathuba okuvelisa izinto ezintsha kweli candelo makhulu, nto leyo ezisa ulindelo oluchulumancisayo kuphuhliso lweshishini lobuchwepheshe bamanzi angaphantsi kwamanzi.