Kwicandelo elihlala livela lobunjineli kunye nolwakhiwo, njengoko iiprojekthi zisiya zisiba nzima kwaye umhlaba unzima ngakumbi, kukho imfuno ekhulayo yezithuthi ezizizo nezithembekileyo zothutho ezikhethekileyo ezikwaziyo ukuhamba kule meko. Enye yezona nkqubela zibalaseleyo kule nkalo kukusetyenziswa kwekhareji elandelwayo kwizithuthi zothutho zokwakha.
Ukuqonda Track undercarriage
Umzila ongaphantsi kwemoto, owaziwa ngokuba yimoto elandelwayo, usebenzisa uyilo oluqhubekayo endaweni yamavili esintu. Olu yilo luvumela indawo enkulu yokudibanisa nomhlaba, ehambisa ngakumbi ubunzima besithuthi. Ngenxa yoko, umkhondo we-chassis unokunqumla kwindawo ethambileyo, engalinganiyo, okanye erhabaxa enokuthi ithintele iimoto ezinamavili. Ngokuqhelekileyo zisetyenziswa kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya ukwakhiwa, imigodi, ezolimo, kunye nemisebenzi yasemkhosini.
Izinto eziluncedo zokulandelwa kwekhareji yangaphantsi
1. Ukuhamba okuphuculweyo kunye nokuzinza: Umzila oqhubekayo unika ukutsalwa okuphezulu, okuvumela ukuba isithuthi sihambe kwindawo emtyibilizi okanye ekhululekile ngaphandle komngcipheko wokubambeka. Oku kuluncedo ngakumbi kwiimeko ezinodaka, isanti okanye ikhephu.
2. Ukunciphisa uxinzelelo oluphantsi komhlaba: I-undercarriage elandelwayo ihambisa ubunzima besithuthi kwindawo enkulu, inciphisa uxinzelelo lomhlaba. Olu phawu lunciphisa ukuxinana komhlaba kunye nomonakalo kwimo engqongileyo enovakalelo, nto leyo eyenza ibe lolona khetho lufanelekileyo lweendawo zokwakha kunye neendawo zokuhlala zendalo.
3. Ukwandisa umthamo wokuthwala umthwalo: Inqwelwana yangaphantsi elandelwayo yenzelwe ukuthwala imithwalo enzima kwaye ifanele ukuthutha izinto zokwakha, oomatshini abanzima kunye nezixhobo. Isakhiwo sabo esomeleleyo siqinisekisa ukuba bayakwazi ukusingatha imisebenzi yobunjineli enzima.
4. I-Versatility: I-track-type undercarriage iyakwazi ukulungelelanisa kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo ngokuxhotyiswa ngee-attachments ezahlukeneyo kunye nezixhobo. Oku kuguquguquka kubenza bakwazi ukwenza uluhlu olubanzi lwemisebenzi, ukusuka ekuthuthweni kwezinto ukuya ekusebenzeni njengeekhreyini ezihambayo okanye ii-excavators.
5. Ikhono le-All-terrain: Enye yeenzuzo eziphawulekayo zokulandelwa kwekhareji yangaphantsi kubuchule babo bokuhamba kwiindawo ezinomngeni. Nokuba ngamathambeka angumnqantsa, iindawo ezinamatye okanye iindawo ezinomgxobhozo, ezi zithuthi ziyakwazi ukugcina ukushukuma ezingakwaziyo ukushukunyiswa zizithuthi zakwantu.
Isicelo soThutho lobuNjineli
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-undercarriage elandelwayo kwiimoto zothutho zobunjineli kubandakanya uluhlu olubanzi lwamashishini kunye nemisebenzi.
1. Kwishishini lokwakha, i-undercarriage elandelwayo isetyenziswa kwizithuthi ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa ii-bulldozers, i-excavators kunye nezithuthi zokuthutha izinto. I-chassis elandelwayo iyaziwa kwiindawo zokwakha ngomthwalo wazo ophezulu kunye nokukwazi ukuziqhelanisa nomhlaba ombi.
2. Ishishini lezemigodi: Ishishini lezemigodi lithembele kakhulu kwikhareji yangaphantsi elandelwayo ukuze kuthuthwe intsimbi ekrwada, izixhobo nabasebenzi, kwaye lidume ngokuphatha izinto ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokuthutha.
3. Ezolimo: Kwezolimo, iitrektara ezirhubuluzayo zisetyenziselwa ukulima, ukuhlakula nokuthutha izityalo. Iitrektara zeCrawler zinokusebenza kumhlaba othambileyo ngaphandle kokubumbana, nto leyo ebalulekileyo ekugcineni impilo yomhlaba nokwandisa izivuno zezityalo.
4. Umkhosi noKhuseleko: Inqwelo yangaphantsi elandelwayo isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwizicelo zomkhosi. Izithuthi ezinje ngeitanki kunye nabathwali bezixhobo zisebenzisa i-chassis elandelwayo ukukhuthaza ukuhamba ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Ukomelela kunye nokuzinza kwazo zibalulekile ekusebenzeni kwiindawo ezinomngeni.
5. Uncedo nokubuyiselwa kwimeko yentlekele: I-chassis elandelwayo inokusetyenziselwa ukuthutha iimpahla, izixhobo kunye nabasebenzi kwiindawo ezithwaxwe yintlekele. I-chassis elandelwayo inokunqumla kwiindawo ezizaliswe ngudoti okanye iindawo ezikhukhulayo, zizenze zibe yimpahla ebalulekileyo kumsebenzi wokuphendula ngokukhawuleza.
Ukuqhubela phambili kweteknoloji
Itekhnoloji ekwinqanaba eliphezulu sele ifakwe kwi-undercarriage elandelwayo, iphucula ngakumbi ukusebenza kwayo. Izinto ezintsha ezifana ne-GPS navigation, ukusebenza kokulawula kude, kunye neenkqubo ezizenzekelayo ziphucule ukusebenza kunye nokhuseleko lothutho lobunjineli. Umzekelo, itekhnoloji ye-GPS ivumela ukuhamba okuchanekileyo kwiindawo ezinzima, ngelixa iinkqubo zokulawula kude zivumela abaqhubi ukuba balawule izithuthi ukusuka kumgama okhuselekileyo, ngakumbi kwiimeko ezinobungozi.
Ukongeza, inkqubela yenziwe kuphuhliso lweekhareji ezingaphantsi ezilandelelwa ngombane. Ezi ndlela zokusebenzelana nokusingqongileyo zinciphisa ukukhutshwa kwezinto ezikhutshwayo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwepetroli, zilungelelaniswe noxinzelelo lwehlabathi lwezenzo ezizinzileyo kubunjineli nolwakhiwo.