Ucingo:
I-imeyili:
Ishasi elingaphansi kwenqola enedivayisi ejikelezayoingenye yemiklamo eyinhloko yabavubukuli ukuze kufezwe imisebenzi ephumelelayo neguquguqukayo. Ihlanganisa ngokwemvelo idivayisi yokusebenza ephezulu (i-boom, induku, ibhakede, njll.) nendlela yokuhamba ephansi (amathrekhi noma amathayi) futhi ivumela ukujikeleza okungu-360° ngohlelo lwe-slewing bearing kanye ne-drive, ngaleyo ndlela yandisa kakhulu ububanzi bokusebenza. Okulandelayo ukuhlaziywa okuningiliziwe kwezicelo zayo ezithile kanye nezinzuzo:
I. Ukwakheka Kwesakhiwo Sesithuthuthu Esijikelezayo
1. Ukuthwala Okujikelezayo
- Ama-bearings amakhulu ebhola noma ama-roller axhumanisa uhlaka olungaphezulu (ingxenye ejikelezayo) nohlaka olungezansi (i-chassis), amandla e-axial athwalayo, ama-radial, kanye nezikhathi zokugumbuqela.
- Izinhlobo ezivamile: ama-contact ball bearings anomugqa owodwa (alula), ama-cross roller bearings (anzima kakhulu).
2. Uhlelo Lokushayela Olujikelezayo
- Injini ye-Hydraulic: ishayela igiya lokuthwala elijikelezayo nge-reducer ukuze kufezwe ukujikeleza okubushelelezi (isixazululo esijwayelekile).
- Injini kagesi: isetshenziswa ezimbazeni zikagesi, inciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwe-hydraulic futhi inikeze impendulo esheshayo.
3. Umklamo Wesitulo Esingaphansi Esiqinisiwe
- Uhlaka lwensimbi oluqinisiwe olungaphansi kwenqola ukuqinisekisa ukuqina nokusimama ngesikhathi sokusika.
- Inqola engaphansi yohlobo lwethrekhi ivame ukudinga igeyiji ebanzi yohlobo lwethrekhi, kuyilapho ishasi yohlobo lwethayi idinga ukufakelwa ama-hydraulic outriggers ukuze ilinganisele isikhathi sokushefa.
II. Ukuthuthukiswa Okubalulekile Kokusebenza Komgubhi Wemivubukulo
1. Ukuzivumelanisa nezimo kokusebenza
- Ukusebenza Okungavimbelwe yi-360°: Asikho isidingo sokuhambisa i-chassis ukuze imboze zonke izindawo ezizungezile, ezifanele izikhala ezincane (njengokwakhiwa kwedolobha, ukumba amapayipi).
- Ukubeka Ngokunembile: Ukulawulwa kwe-valve elinganiselayo yesivinini sokushefa kwenza kube lula ukubeka ibhakede ezingeni lamamilimitha (njengokuqedwa komgodi wesisekelo).
2. Ukuthuthukisa Ukusebenza Kahle Komsebenzi
- Imvamisa Yokunyakaza Encishisiwe: Imishini yokumba esetshenziswa njengengalo eqinile yendabuko idinga ukulungisa izikhundla njalo, kuyilapho i-chassis ejikelezayo engaphansi kwenqola ingashintsha ubuso bokusebenza ngokujikeleza, okusindisa isikhathi.
- Izenzo Ezihlanganisiwe Ezihlanganisiwe: Ukulawula ukuxhumana kwe-Slewing kanye ne-boom/stick (njengezenzo "zokushintshashintsha") kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle komjikelezo.
3. Ukuqina Nokuphepha
- Isikhungo Sokuphathwa Kwamandla Adonsela Phansi: Imithwalo enamandla ngesikhathi sokusika isatshalaliswa nge-undercarriage, futhi ukwakheka kwe-counterweight kuvimbela ukugumbuqelwa (njenge-counterweights ezifakwe ngemuva ezimbalwini zokumba).
- Umklamo Wokulwa Nokudlidliza: I-Inertia ngesikhathi sokushefa ibhuleki ivinjelwa yi-undercarriage, okunciphisa umthelela wesakhiwo.
4. Ukwandiswa Kwemisebenzi Eminingi
- Izixhumi Zokushintsha Ngokushesha: I-chassis yokushefa ivumela ukushintshwa okusheshayo kwezinamathiselo ezahlukene (njengezando ze-hydraulic, ukubamba, njll.), ezivumelanisa nezimo ezahlukahlukene.
- Ukuhlanganiswa Kwamadivayisi Asizayo: Njengokujikeleza kwemigqa ye-hydraulic, izinamathiselo ezisekelayo ezidinga ukujikeleza okuqhubekayo (njenge-augers).
III. Izimo Ezijwayelekile Zokusebenza
1. Izindawo Zokwakha
- Ukuqedela imisebenzi eminingi njengokumba, ukulayisha, kanye nokulinganisa ngaphakathi kwesikhala esilinganiselwe, ukugwema ukunyakaza njalo kwe-chassis kanye nokushayisana nezithiyo.
2. Ukumba
- Imishini yokumba enamathani amakhulu ene-chassis yokushefa enamandla amakhulu ukuze imelane nokumba okunzima kanye nokujikeleza okuqhubekayo isikhathi eside.
3. Usizo Oluphuthumayo
- Ukushefa okusheshayo ukulungisa indlela yokusebenza, kuhlanganiswe nokubamba noma ukusika ukuze kusulwe udoti.
4. Ezolimo kanye namahlathi
- Isihlalo esingaphansi esijikelezayo senza kube lula ukubamba nokubeka izinkuni noma ukumba imigodi yezihlahla ngokujulile.
IV. Izitayela Zokuthuthukiswa Kobuchwepheshe
1. Ukulawula Okujikelezayo Okuhlakaniphile
- Ukuqapha i-engeli ejikelezayo kanye nesivinini nge-IMU (I-Inertial Measurement Unit), kuvimbela ngokuzenzakalelayo izenzo eziyingozi (njengokushelela emithambekeni).
2. Uhlelo Lokujikeleza Amandla Oluhlanganisiwe
- Ama-motor kagesi ajikelezayo abuyisa amandla okubhuleka, anciphisa ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli (njenge-Komatsu HB365 hybrid excavator).
3. Ibhalansi Yokulula Nokuqina
- Ukusebenzisa insimbi enamandla kakhulu noma izinto ezihlanganisiwe ukunciphisa isisindo se-undercarriage ngenkathi kulungiswa ukuvalwa kwe-rotary bearing (okuvikela uthuli, okuvikela amanzi).
V. Izindawo Zokulungisa
- Ukugcotshwa okuvamile kwe-rotary bearing: Kuvimbela ukuguguleka komgwaqo womjaho okubangela umsindo noma ukuthuthumela ngaphansi kwenqola.
- Hlola ukulayishwa kwebholithi kusengaphambili: Ukukhululeka kwamabholithi axhumanisa i-slewing bearing kanye ne-chassis kungabangela izingozi zesakhiwo.
- Qapha ukuhlanzeka kukawoyela we-hydraulic: Ukungcola kungaholela ekulimaleni kwenjini ejikelezayo futhi kuthinte ukusebenza kokushayela ngaphansi kwenqola.
Isifinyezo
I-chassis yenqola engaphansi enendlela ejikelezayo iwumklamo ohlukile ohlukanisa imishini yokumba eminye imishini yokwakha. Ngokusebenzisa indlela "yenqola engaphansi ehleliwe kanye nomzimba ongaphezulu ojikelezayo", ifinyelela imodi yokusebenza ephumelelayo, eguquguqukayo nephephile. Esikhathini esizayo, ngokungena kukagesi kanye nobuchwepheshe obuhlakaniphile, inqola engaphansi ejikelezayo izothuthuka kakhulu ekulondolozeni amandla, ukunemba kanye nokuqina, ibe yisixhumanisi esiyinhloko ekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe bemishini yokumba.