Waea:
Ī-mēra:
He auahatanga hangarau matua te whakamahinga o te anga raro o te waka toropiko ki runga i ngā papa mahi rererangi (ina koa ko ngā papa mahi rererangi momo pungawerewere). Ka whakarei ake i te urutau me ngā āheinga whakahaere o ngā taputapu i roto i ngā āhuatanga mahi uaua, here, kore taurite rānei. Ko ngā uara whakamahinga matua me ngā painga o tēnei hangarau koia ēnei:
Painga Matua
1. Te kaha ki te neke me te ngāwari ki te haere:
* Te haere i ngā wāhi whaiti: Ka taea e te whānui o te raro o te waka ngokingoki te tino whaiti ina noho pakupaku (he iti iho i te 1 mita te nuinga, he tata rānei ki te 0.8 mita), e āhei ai te haere ngāwari mā roto i ngā anga tatau paerewa, ngā ara whaiti, ngā pou ararewa, ngā āputa taputapu me ētahi atu wāhi e uaua ana ki te uru atu ki ngā papa wira tuku iho, ki ngā papa ngokingoki whānui rānei.
* Te urutau ki ngā whenua uaua: He nui te wāhi e pā ana te ngokingoki ki te whenua, he iti noa te pēhanga e pā ana ki a ia (ina koa i te āhua whānui), e āhei ai te urutau pai ake ki te whenua ngohengohe (pēnei i te oneone, te onepu, te tarutaru), te whenua koretake (pēnei i te kirikiri, ngā arawhata pakupaku, ngā pari), tae atu ki ngā wāhi wai pāpaku, e whakaiti ana i te tūponotanga o te mau. Ka taea e te mahi karu tirotiro te whakapai ake i te pēhanga whenua me te pumau i runga i ngā whenua rerekē.
* Mō ngā whakamahinga whānui o roto, o waho hoki: He iti noa te kino o te ngokingoki rapa ki ngā mata pai o roto (pērā i te māpere, te papa rakau, te papa epoxy) i roto i te āhua kirimana, engari he kaha tonu te uru ki ngā whenua uaua o waho, e āhei ai te mīhini kotahi ki te mahi i ngā mahi maha.
2. Te pumau o te mahi:
* Te tawhiti wira rerekē / te whānuitanga tautoko: Koinei tētahi o ngā painga tino nui o te raro o te waka toronga karu. Ina hiahiatia te hiki ake i te taputapu ki tētahi teitei teitei ake, ina mahi rānei i ngā mahi toronga pūma nui, ka taea te toro atu te toronga ki waho, ka nui ake te whānuitanga tautoko taha (te tawhiti wira) o te taputapu, ka tino whakaiti i te pokapū o te taumaha, ā, ka tino whakarei ake i te pumau hurihuri o te mīhini katoa. He mea nui tēnei mō ngā mahi i runga i ngā pari, i te wā rānei ka eke te papa ki tōna awhe teitei mahi/toronga mōrahi.
* Te urutau ki te whenua koretake: Ka taea te whakatakoto takitahi i ia ngokingoki. Mā te āhuatanga karu tirotiro, ka taea te urutau pai ake ki te whenua koretake, ka taea ai e te papa te pupuri i te taumata o te wāhanga o runga (papa mahi) ahakoa i runga i ngā pari, i ngā mata koretake rānei, kia haumaru ai, kia whakamarie ai hoki te mahi.
3. Te iti o te pēhanga whenua me te tiakitanga o te papaanga:
* Ka tohatohahia te taumaha o ngā taputapu e ngā ara ki runga i tētahi wāhi pa nui ake, inā koa i te wā e tū ana i roto i te tūranga roa, ka whakaitihia te pēhanga whenua mō ia wāhi. He mea nui tēnei mō te tiaki i ngā mata pakarukaru pērā i te uku hou kua whakatakotoria, ngā tuanui, ngā papa o roto, me ngā mata whare tawhito, me te ārai i te kino, te waiho rānei i ngā tohu hohonu.
4. Ngāwari teitei:
*Ka taea e ngā kaiwhakahaere te whakarerekē i te whānui o ngā ara i te wā tonu e ai ki ngā herenga o te wāhi i te papaanga, ngā āhuatanga o te whenua, me ngā whakaritenga mō te teitei/toronga mahi, mā te whakawhāiti kia haere mā roto i ngā wāhi whaiti, mā te tiaki rānei i te whenua, me te toronga kia tutuki ai te pumau pai rawa atu, me te kore e hiahiatia he taputapu tāpiri, he taputapu āwhina rānei.
Ngā Take Kōwhiringa me te Whakaaroaro
* Teitei/toronga mahi mōrahi:Ka teitei ake te teitei o te mahi, ka nui ake hoki te toronga, ka nui ake te hiahia mō te pumau o te anga. He mea nui te whiriwhiri i tētahi tauira he nui te whānui o te totoro.
* Whānuitanga hurihuri iti rawa:Tīpakohia te whānui o te anga i muri i te whakawhāititanga i runga i te whānui iti rawa o te ara whaiti rawa i roto i te āhua mahi e whaia ana.
* Te kaha ki te piki pari:He pai ake te kaha o te anga ara i te piki pari i ngā anga wira (he 30%-45%, neke atu rānei te nuinga), engari me whakaū anō i ngā uara motuhake.
* Ngā whakaritenga tiaki whenua:Mena ka whakamahia i roto i te whare, i runga rānei i ngā mata angiangi, me whakamahi ngā ara rapa me te pēhanga whenua iti. I tēnei wā, kei te wātea ngā ara rapa hina kore-tohu hei whiriwhiri. Ka taea e ngā ara rapa kore-tohu te pa katoa ki te whenua me te kore e waiho he tohu.
* Taumaha me te rahi:Mā te anga ara karu-matamata ka whakanui ake i te taumaha me te rahi o te kawe o ngā taputapu (ahakoa i muri i te whakahekenga, he whānui ake i te papa wira o taua teitei), ā, me whai whakaaro ki te ngāwari o te kawe me te nekehanga i te papaanga.
* Utu:Ko ngā papa pūngāwerewere me te anga ara karu-mataara he nui ake te utu i ngā papa ara wira, ara pūmau rānei, engari ko tō rātou uara i roto i ngā āhuatanga mahi motuhake he nui atu i te haumitanga tuatahi.
Whakarāpopototanga
He otinga tino pai te raro o te waka toropiko mō ngā papa whakahaere teitei (ina koa ko ngā papa momo pungawerewere) hei aro atu ki ngā āhuatanga mahi uaua pēnei i te iti o te wāhi, te whenua uaua, ngā whakaritenga pumau teitei, me te tiaki whenua tino pakari. Mā tōna kaha ahurei ki te "whakawhitiwhiti mō te haere me te toro atu mō te pumau", ka whakawhānui ake i te whānuitanga o te tono me te whai huatanga o ngā papa whakahaere teitei, ka noho hei tetahi o ngā hangarau matua e kore e taea te whakamahi i roto i ngā mahi teitei hou. I te hoko i aua taputapu, he mea nui kia arotakehia tōna āheinga ki te haere, ngā tawhā pumau, me te urutau whenua i runga i ngā horopaki me ngā whakaritenga tono motuhake.
Ngā horopaki tono noa
1. Te whakapaipai me te tiaki o roto:Te tāutanga o ngā tuanui, te tiaki i ngā rama, te horoi, me te peita i roto i ngā hōtēra, ngā toa hokohoko, ngā taunga rererangi, ngā whare tapere, me ngā whare tawhito. Mō ngā ara whaiti, ngā ararewa, ngā tomokanga, me ngā wāhi e hiahia ana kia tiakina ngā papa ngawari.
2. Te tāutanga me te tiaki i ngā taputapu:Te tāutanga o ngā taputapu nunui, te tiaki i ngā paipa, me te whakatika taputapu i roto i ngā awheawhe wheketere, ngā teihana hiko, ngā tipu hinu matū, me ngā pokapū raraunga. Me haere mā roto i ngā āputa whaiti i waenga i ngā taputapu, me mahi pūmau rānei i runga i te whenua kāore i te ōrite me ngā awaawa me ngā paipa.
3. Te hanga me te tiaki i te pakitara o waho:Te tāutanga me te horoi i ngā ārai karāhe, te hanga whakamarumaru pakitara o waho, me te rehu paninga mō ngā whare teitei. Me mahi pūmau i runga i ngā ara hikoi whaiti, ngā whitiki matomato, ngā taha hangahanga koretake rānei, ā, me ngāwari te wikitoria i ngā arai iti pēnei i ngā kōhatu ara.
4. Te hanga kaipuke me te hanga waka rererangi:Te mahi whakarewa, te peita, me te tāuta taputapu i roto i ngā papa hanga kaipuke me ngā whare rererangi he nui ngā wāhi engari he uaua ngā hanganga o roto, ā, he hinuhinu pea, he koretake rānei ngā papa.
5. Te whakakaiao me te tiaki i ngā rākau tawhito:Te tapahi i ngā rākau me te tiaki i te whenua i ngā wāhi ngohengohe pērā i te tarutaru, te paru me ngā pari.
6. Ngā huihuinga motuhake me te kiriata:I ngā horopaki e hiahia ana kia ngāwari me te nekeneke haere, me te whakauru pea i te whenua kāore i te mārō, pēnei i te whakatū i ngā atamira, te tāuta rama, me te pupuhi.
7. Te whakaoranga i muri i te aituā me ngā āhuatanga motuhake:Te whakarato tautoko pumau mō ngā mahi teitei i roto i ngā taiao tino kino pēnei i ngā ururua me ngā wāhi parekura koretake.