Theinorema muchina undercarriage chassischinhu chakakosha chinotsigira chimiro chese chemidziyo, inotumira simba, inotakura mitoro, uye inochinjika kune yakaoma kushanda mamiriro. Zvido zvayo zvekugadzira zvinofanirwa kunyatso funga nezvekuchengetedza, kugadzikana, kusimba, uye kuchinjika kwezvakatipoteredza. Izvi zvinotevera zvakakosha zvinodiwa pakugadzirwa kweanorema muchina undercarriage:
I. Core Design Zvinodiwa
1. Kusimba Kwemaitiro uye Kuoma
** Ongororo Yemutoro: Izvo zvinodikanwa kuverenga mitoro yakamira (zvishandiso zvinorema, simba remutoro), mitoro ine simba (vibration, kuvhunduka), uye mitoro yekushanda (simba rekuchera, simba rekudhonza, nezvimwewo) kuona kuti chassis haiite deformation yepurasitiki kana kutyoka pasi pemamiriro ekushanda zvakanyanya.
** Sarudzo Yezvinhu: Simbi yakasimba-yakasimba (yakadai seQ345, Q460), alloys akakosha, kana zvimiro zvakashongedzwa zvinofanirwa kushandiswa, tichifunga nezve kusimba kwesimba, kuneta kuramba, uye machinability.
** Kugadziridzwa Kwemaitiro: Simbisa kugovera kwekushushikana kuburikidza neinogumira chekuongorora chinhu (FEA), uye tora mabhokisi egidhi, I-matanda, kana truss zvimiro zvekusimudzira kukotama/kuomarara.
2. Kugadzikana uye Kuenzana
** Center yeGravity Kudzora: Govera zvine hungwaru nzvimbo yesimba rinokweva remidziyo (sekudzikisa injini, kugadzira zviremera), kudzivirira njodzi yekupidigura.
** Track uye Wheelbase: Gadzirisa track uye wheelbase zvinoenderana nenharaunda yekushanda (nzvimbo isina kuenzana kana pasi rakati sandara) kuti uwedzere kugadzikana kwe lateral / longitudinal.
** Suspension System: Dhizaina hydraulic suspension, mhepo-mafuta zvitubu kana rubber shock absorbers zvichibva pane vibration maitiro emakina anorema kudzikisa simba.
3. Kugara uye Upenyu Hwebasa
**Kuneta-Kudzivirira Dhizaini: Hupenyu hwekuneta kuwongorora kunofanirwa kuitwa pazvikamu zvakakosha (senge hinge mapoinzi uye weld seams) kudzivirira kushushikana mupfungwa.
**Anti-corrosion Kurapa: Shandisa hot-dip galvanizing, epoxy resin spraying, kana composite coatings kuti uenderane nemhoteredzo dzakakasharara senge mwando nemunyu wekupfapfaidza.
**Dziviriro isingapfeki: Isa marata esimbi asingapfeki kana marani anogona kuchinjika munzvimbo dzinopfekwa (senge matrack link uye ma plates emungoro).
4. Powertrain Matching
** Powertrain Layout: Kurongeka kweinjini, kutapurirana, uye dhiraivha axle inofanirwa kuve nechokwadi ipfupi nzira yekufambisa yemagetsi kuderedza kurasikirwa kwesimba.
** Kufambisa Kubudirira: Gadzirisa kuenderana kwemagiya mabhokisi, hydraulic motors, kana hydrostatic drives (HST) kuve nechokwadi chekufambisa kwemagetsi.
** Heat Dissipation Dhizaini: Chengetedza nzira dzekupisa kupisa kana kubatanidza masisitimu ekutonhodza kudzivirira kuwandisa kwezvinhu zvinotapurirana.
II. Environmental Adaptability Zvinodiwa
1. Terrain Adaptability
** Sarudzo Yekufamba Mechanism: Track-type chassis (yakakwirira pasi yekubata kudzvanywa, yakakodzera pasi yakapfava) kana tire-mhando chassis (yakakwira-kumhanya, ivhu rakaoma).
** Ground Clearance: Dhizaina yakaringana pasi pemvumo zvichienderana nekudiwa kwekupfuura kudzivirira chassis kukwesha pakatarisana nezvipingamupinyi.
** Steering System: Yakatemerwa chidhiraivho, vhiri dhiraivha kana mutsauko dhiraivha kuti ive nechokwadi chekufambisa munzvimbo dzakaoma.
2. Zvakanyanya Operating Conditions Response
** Temperature Adaptability: Zvishandiso zvinofanirwa kunge zvichikwanisa kushanda mukati me -40 ° C kusvika +50 ° C kudzivirira brittle kutyoka pakudziya kwakadzika kana kukambaira patembiricha yakakwira.
** Dust and Water Resistance: Zvikamu zvakakosha (mabheya, zvisimbiso) zvinofanirwa kuchengetedzwa neIP67 chiyero kana chepamusoro. Zvikamu zvakakosha zvinogonawo kuvharwa mubhokisi kudzivirira kupindira kwejecha uye tsvina.
III. Chengetedzo uye Regulatory Zvinodiwa
1. Kuchengetedza Dhizaini
** Roll-over Dziviriro: Yakashongedzerwa neROPS (Roll-over Protective Structure) uye FOPS (Fall Protection Structure).
** Emergency Braking System: Redundant braking dhizaini (mechanicha + hydraulic braking) kuve nechokwadi chekupindura nekukurumidza munjodzi.
** Anti-kutsvedza Kudzora: Mumigwagwa yakanyorova kana inotsvedza kana materu, kufambisa kunokwidziridzwa kuburikidza nekukiya makiyi kana emagetsi anti-slip masisitimu.
2. Kuteerera
** International Standards: Inoenderana nezviyero zvakaita se ISO 3471 (ROPS bvunzo) uye ISO 3449 (FOPS bvunzo).
**Zvinodiwa Zvemhoteredzo: Sangana nemiyero yekuburitsa (senge Tier 4/Stage V yemachina asiri emugwagwa) uye kuderedza kusvibiswa kweruzha.
IV. Maintenance uye Repairability
1. Modular Dhizaini: Zvikamu zvakakosha (senge drive axles uye hydraulic mapaipi) zvakagadzirirwa mune modular chimiro chekukurumidza disassembly uye kutsiva.
2. Maintenance Convenience: Makomba ekuongorora anopiwa uye nzvimbo dzekuzora dzakarongwa nechepakati kuti dzideredze nguva yekuchengetedza uye mari.
3. Mhosva Kuongororwa: Integrated sensors inotarisa parameters yakadai semafuta ekumanikidza, tembiricha, uye vibration, inotsigira kure kure yambiro kana OBD masisitimu.
V. Lightweighting uye Energy Efficiency
1. Material Weight Reduction: Shandisa yakakwirira-simba simbi, aruminiyamu alloys, kana composite zvinhu paunenge uchivimbisa kutendeseka kwemaitiro.
2. Topology Optimization: Shandisa tekinoroji yeCAE kubvisa zvinhu zvisina basa uye kugadzirisa mafomu ezvimiro (senge matanda asina maburi uye mizinga yeuchi).
3. Energy Consumption Control: Kuvandudza kushanda kwemaitiro ekufambisa kuderedza mafuta kana simba rekushandisa.
VI. Customized Design
1. Yepakati yekubatanidza dhizaini dhizaini: Gadzirisa chimiro chinoenderana nekuremerwa kutakura uye zvinodiwa zvekubatanidza zvemidziyo yepamusoro, kusanganisira matanda, mapuratifomu, makoramu, nezvimwe.
2. Kusimudza dhizaini yekugadzira: Dhizaini yekusimudza makumbo maererano nekusimudza zvinodiwa zvemidziyo.
3. Logo dhizaini: Dhinda kana kunyora logo maererano nezvinodiwa nemutengi.
VII. Misiyano mune Yakajairika Chikumbiro Scenario Dhizaini
| Mechanical Type | Kusimbiswa kweUndercarriage Design |
| Vacheri vemigodhi | Superb kukanganisa kuramba, track kupfeka kuramba, yakakwirira pasiclearance |
| Port cranes | Low centre of gravity, wide wheelbase, wind load stability |
| Varimi vakohwi | Yakareruka, yakapfava pasi passability, anti-entanglement dhizaini |
| Injiniya yemautomichina | Kufamba kwepamusoro, modular kukurumidza kugadzirisa, electromagnetickugarisana |
Summary
Dhizaini yeinorema muchina undercarriage inofanirwa kuve yakavakirwa pa "multi-disciplinarykubatana ", kubatanidza ongororo yemakina, sainzi yemidziyo, simulation ine simba uye chaiyo yekushanda mamiriro ekuongorora, kuti pakupedzisira uwane zvinangwa zvekuvimbika, kushanda nesimba uye hupenyu hurefu hwesevhisi. Munguva yekugadzira, zvakakosha zvinofanirwa kupihwa kune vashandisi mamiriro ezvinhu (semugodhi, kuvaka, kurima), uye nzvimbo yekuvandudza tekinoroji (sekuisa magetsi nehungwaru) inofanira kuchengetwa.