Terefone:
Imeri:
Igare ry'icyuma riri munsi y'umuhanda rifite imigozi ya rubber ni imiterere ihuriweho ihuza imbaraga n'uburambe bw'imigozi y'icyuma hamwe n'uburyo bwo gukurura impanuka, kugabanya urusaku, n'uburyo bwo kurinda umuhanda bwa rubber. Rigira uruhare runini mu mikoreshereze itandukanye ya mekanike, cyane cyane mu bihe bikenewe ubushobozi bwo gutwara imodoka mu muhanda utari mu muhanda ndetse no gutwara imodoka mu mijyi cyangwa mu muhanda wa kaburimbo. Dore aho rikoreshwa cyane n'ibyiza byaryo:
1. Imashini z'ubwubatsi:
Abacukuzi:Bikunze kugaragara cyane mu bwubatsi bw'imijyi, kubungabunga imihanda, ubusitani, n'ahandi hantu hakenera gukorera hafi y'inyubako cyangwa kugenda kenshi mu mihanda ya kaburimbo. Inzira za kaburimbo zigabanya cyane kwangirika kw'imihanda ya kaburimbo na sima, zigabanya urusaku rw'imodoka n'imitingito, zikongera ihumure ry'abakora, kandi zikagabanya ingaruka mbi ku bidukikije.
Udukoresho duto/duciriritse twa Bulldozer/Loaders:Ibi kandi bikoreshwa cyane mu bihe aho bisaba guhinduranya imihanda ya kaburimbo (nk'imishinga y'umujyi, inganda) n'ubutaka bworoshye (nk'ubutaka, imyanda y'ubwubatsi). Inzira za kaburimbo zitanga uburinzi bwiza bw'umuhanda no koroshya.
Imashini zo gutwara ibintu mu buryo bwa "Skid Steers"/Imashini nto zo gutwara ibintu mu buryo bwa "Compact Track Loaders":Izi mashini zagenewe imikorere myinshi no koroshya ibintu mu bice bifunze no mu butaka butandukanye, harimo no mu nzu. Inzira z'icyuma zikoresha imigozi zisanzwe, zitanga ubushobozi bwo gutwara no koroshya umuhanda, ndetse n'uburyo bworoshye bwo gutwara ibikoresho bikoresha imigozi, guhagarara no kwihuta mu butaka.
Imashini zo gucukura/Abashoferi b'imigozi:Mu gihe winjira mu bwubatsi bw'imijyi cyangwa mu duce tw’ingenzi, ni ngombwa kugabanya kwangirika kw'imihanda isanzwe no kugabanya urusaku.
2. Imashini z'ubuhinzi:
Amatarakiteri manini:Ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu bikorwa byo mu mirima bikoresha ingufu nyinshi n'imitwaro iremereye. Iyo hakenewe kohereza kenshi hagati y'imirima n'imihanda ikomeye yo mu cyaro (imihanda ya sima, imihanda ya kaburimbo), inzira zifunganye zishobora kurinda imihanda rusange neza, kugabanya kwangirika kw'ubutaka bw'umuhanda bitewe no kuzunguruka, kugabanya urusaku n'imitingito yo gutwara, kunoza uburyo bwo gutwara imodoka, no kugabanya gufungana k'ubutaka (ugereranije n'amapine, inzira zifite ubuso bunini bwo gukoraho ubutaka kandi umuvuduko wabwo ukaba muto).
Imashini zitunganya umusaruro zivanze:Mu gihe cy'isarura, iyo ari ngombwa kwimura abantu intera ndende cyangwa gutwara imodoka mu mihanda ikomeye, inzira zifunganye zishobora kurinda ubuso bw'umuhanda no kugabanya ingaruka z'ihindagurika ry'imihanda ku bikoresho bigezweho.
Udupfundikizo/ifumbire:Ibikoresho binini byikoresha ubwabyo akenshi bikenera kunyura mu mihanda rusange nyuma y’ibikorwa byo mu kibuga. Inzira zifunganye za kawucu zirafasha cyane imihanda.
3. Imodoka zidasanzwe:
Amakamyo y'inzobere mu kuzimya inkongi/Imodoka z'ubutabazi:Zimwe mu modoka ziremereye zikoresha umuriro cyangwa ubutabazi zikoresha chassis ikurikiranye kugira ngo zongere ubushobozi bwo gutwara imizigo no kuyitwara. Ibyuma bya kabutike biri kuri iyo nzira bibafasha kugenda vuba kandi bucece mu mihanda ya kaburimbo nko mu mihanda yo mu mujyi no ku nkengero z'abanyamaguru, bakagera aho batabariye mu gihe birinda kwangirika k'umuhanda.
Imodoka za gisirikare zitwara ibikoresho/ubuhanga:Mu birindiro bya gisirikare, hafi y’aho ibikorwa by’ubutabazi bibera, cyangwa iyo hakenewe ibikorwa byo kwihisha, ni ngombwa kugabanya urusaku no kurinda imihanda y’imbere mu birindiro.
Karane nini zigendanwa:Zimwe mu mashini zigendanwa ziremereye zikenera ubusugire bwinshi cyane n'umuvuduko muto w'ubutaka zikoresha chassis ikurikiranye. Ibyuma bya kabutike bifasha kurinda ubuso bw'umuhanda iyo binjira mu bwubatsi cyangwa mu gihe cyo kwimura ibintu mu ntera ngufi.
4. Imashini zo mu mashyamba:
Imashini zo gukata/Izohereza:Imashini zigezweho zo mu mashyamba zikunze gukora hagati y’imihanda yo mu ishyamba (ishobora kuba imihanda y’ubutaka cyangwa imihanda y’igitaka n’iy’amabuye) n’ubutaka bw’amashyamba bubi. Inzira zo mu muhanda zikoresha imigozi ntizitera kwangirika cyane ku muhanda, ntizitera urusaku rwinshi, kandi zitanga urugendo rwiza iyo ugenda mu mihanda ikomeye ugereranije n’inzira z’icyuma gikozwe mu cyuma. Muri icyo gihe, zigumana imbaraga zo kugenda no kunyura mu mashyamba y’ibyondo n’ahanamye.
Ibyiza by'ingenzi byo kongeramo ibyuma bya rubber:
1. Kurinda imihanda ya kaburimbo:Kurinda ko ibyuma bikoresha ibyuma bisya cyangwa bigasya neza asphalt, beto, amatafari, marble n'ibindi bintu bikomeye. Iyi ni yo mbaraga nyamukuru zikoreshwa mu kuyikoresha.
2. Kugabanya urusaku ku buryo bugaragara:Rubber ifata kandi ikarinda urusaku rwinshi ruterwa n’ingaruka z’ibyuma ku buso bukomeye, bigabanye ihumana ry’urusaku ku bidukikije by’imijyi n’ababikora.
3. Kugabanya gutigita:Uduce twa rubber dutanga uburyo bwo gukingira, bigabanya cyane ukuzungazunga kw'imodoka mu gihe cyo gukoresha ibikoresho no mu rugendo, bikongera cyane uburyo umukoresha amererwa neza kandi bigabanya umunaniro.
4. Kunoza uburyo bwo gufata ibintu (ku buso bwihariye):Ku buso bukomeye, bwumye cyangwa butose, ibicani bya kabutike bifasha gufata neza kurusha inzira z'icyuma zoroshye (nk'amapine), bigabanya kugwa, cyane cyane mu gihe cyo kuzamuka cyangwa gufunga feri.
5. Kugabanya umuvuduko w'ubutaka:Ibice bya kabuti byongera ubuso bwo guhuriraho n'ubutaka, bigabanya cyane imbaraga ziterwa n'ibikoresho ku butaka bworoshye (nk'ubwatsi, ubutaka butarakomera), bigabanya kurohama no kwangirika.
6. Kongera ihumure no gutwara ibintu neza:Kugabanuka k'umutingito n'urusaku, hamwe no gufata neza ahantu hakomeye, byongera uburambe bwo gutwara no kuyobora neza.
Ibitekerezo ku gishushanyo n'imbogamizi:
1. Kwambara ibyuma bya Rubber Blocks:Ibyuma bya kabutike birasharira ku buso bukomeye kandi butoshye, kandi igihe cyabyo cyo kubaho kiba gito ugereranyije n'icyuma gikoreshwa mu muhanda. Igenzura rihoraho n'isimbura ni ngombwa. Nyuma yo kwangirika, uburinzi bw'ubutaka bw'umuhanda n'ingaruka zo kugabanya urusaku biragabanuka.
2. Uburyo bwo Gushyiraho:Ibice bya kabutura bikunze gushyirwa ku byuma bifasha mu kugabanya umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi (track links) hakoreshejwe bolts cyangwa vulcanized bonding. Uburyo bwizewe bwo guhuza burakenewe kugira ngo hirindwe gutandukana kw'imizigo.
3. Ikiguzi:Ugereranyije n'inzira z'icyuma zikozwe mu cyuma, kongeramo ibyuma bya rubber n'imiterere yabyo byongera ikiguzi.
4. Inzitizi zikomeye ku mikorere:Mu bihe bikomeye cyane nko mu bushyuhe bwinshi, amabuye atyaye, ingese ikomeye ya shimi, cyangwa mu bihe by'ibyondo biremereye, kuramba no gukora neza kw'amabati ya rubber bishobora kuba bike ugereranyije n'imirongo y'icyuma gikozwe mu cyuma. Ubushyuhe bwinshi bushobora gutuma rubber yoroha kandi ikihuta ikangirika, kandi ibintu bityaye bishobora gushwanyaguza cyangwa gutobora rubber.
5. Uburemere:Uburemere bwongereweho gato.
6. Gusesa ubushyuhe:Igipfundikizo cya rubber gishobora kugira ingaruka ku gushonga k'ubushyuhe mu gice cy'inzira n'agace k'ibice (nubwo ingaruka akenshi ziba nke).
Incamake:
Igare ry'icyuma riri munsi y'umuhanda rifite imiyoboro ya kabutura ni umusaruro w'igishushanyo mbonera cy'ubuhanga n'ibikenewe mu buryo bufatika. Rigira uburinganire bwiza hagati y'ubushobozi bwo kugenda mu muhanda, ubushobozi bwo gukurura ibikoresho biri inyuma y'umuhanda no koroshya umuhanda, urusaku ruke no koroherwa cyane n'ibikoresho bifite amapine. Rifite uburyo bwinshi bwo gukoresha, cyane cyane ibikoresho bikoresha imashini zigendanwa bikora ahantu hatari imihanda cyangwa imihanda idafite kaburimbo ndetse n'imihanda yo mu mijyi cyangwa iy'ikaburimbo. Iyo ibikoresho bikenewe kugira ubushobozi bwo gukora no kunyuramo neza mugihe bikingira ibikorwa remezo bya leta cyangwa iby'abikorera ku giti cyabo (imihanda), iyi miterere y'umuhanda igizwe n'imihanda myinshi akenshi iba ari yo mahitamo meza.