A cikin tsarin masana'antar keɓaɓɓiyar chassis na kayan gini don injin gini, gwajin gudu wanda yakamata a gudanar akan dukkan chassis da ƙafafu huɗu (yawanci ana magana akan sprocket, gaban idler, roller nadi, babban abin nadi) bayan taro shine muhimmin mataki don tabbatar da dogaro da dorewa na chassis. Wadannan su ne mahimman abubuwan da za a mai da hankali a kansu yayin gwajin gudu:
I. Shirye-shirye kafin gwaji
1. Tsabtace sashi da lubrication
- Cire ragowar abubuwan da ke haɗuwa da kyau (kamar tarkacen ƙarfe da tabon mai) don hana ƙazanta shiga cikin na'urar da haifar da lalacewa ta al'ada saboda gogayya.
- Ƙara man shafawa na musamman (kamar man shafawa mai zafi mai zafi) ko mai mai kamar yadda ya dace da ƙayyadaddun fasaha don tabbatar da cewa sassa masu motsi kamar bearings da gears suna da isassun mai.
2. Tabbatar da Daidaiton Shigarwa
- Bincika jurewar haɗin gwiwar ƙafafu huɗu (kamar coaxiality da daidaituwa), tabbatar da cewa motar motar ta shiga tare da waƙa ba tare da karkata ba kuma cewa tashin hankali na jagoran jagora ya dace da ƙimar ƙira.
- Yi amfani da kayan aikin daidaita laser ko alamar bugun kira don gano daidaiton lamba tsakanin ƙafafun marasa aiki da hanyoyin haɗin waƙa.
3. Aiki Pre-bincike
- Bayan hada jirgin kasan, a fara juya shi da hannu don tabbatar da cewa babu cunkoso ko hayaniya mara kyau.
- Bincika ko sassan da aka rufe (kamar O-rings da kuma hatimin mai) suna cikin wurin don hana zubar da mai yayin shiga.
II. Maɓallin Sarrafa Maɓalli Yayin Gwaji
1. Load da Operating Condition Simulation
- Loading Loading: Fara tare da ƙananan kaya (20% -30% na nauyin da aka ƙididdigewa) a cikin ƙananan gudu a matakin farko, sannu a hankali yana ƙaruwa zuwa cikakken kaya da nauyin kaya (110% -120%) don kwatanta tasirin tasirin da aka samu a cikin ainihin ayyukan.
- Complex Terrain Simulation: Saita yanayi irin su dunƙulewa, karkata, da gangaren gefe akan bencin gwajin don tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali na tsarin dabaran ƙarƙashin damuwa mai ƙarfi.
2. Ma'aunin Kulawa na Gaskiya
- Kula da Zazzabi: Ma'aunin zafi da sanyio na infrared suna lura da hauhawar zafin jiki na bearings da akwatunan gear. Babban yanayin zafi mara kyau na iya nuna rashin isasshen man shafawa ko tsangwama.
- Vibration da Noise Analysis: Na'urori masu sauri suna tattara bakan girgiza. Hayaniyar mita mai girma na iya nuna rashin kyaun haɗa kayan aiki ko lalacewa.
- Bibiyar Daidaita Tashin hankali: Saka idanu sosai akan tsarin tashin hankali na hydraulic na dabaran jagora don hana waƙar yin sako-sako da yawa (zamewa) ko matsewa (ƙara lalacewa) yayin shiga ciki.
- Sauti mara kyau da Canje-canje: Kula da jujjuyawar ƙafafun huɗun da tashin hankalin waƙar daga kusurwoyi da yawa yayin shiga-ciki. Bincika kowane canje-canje na rashin daidaituwa ko sautuna don daidai da gano wuri ko musabbabin matsalar.
3. Kula da Yanayin Lubrication
- A lokacin aiki na chassis, duba man shafawa a kan lokaci don hana lalacewar man shafawa saboda yanayin zafi; don watsa kayan buɗaɗɗen kaya, lura da ɗaukar hoto na mai akan saman gear.
III. Dubawa da kimantawa bayan Gwaji
1. Sanya Binciken Bincike
- Ragewa da bincika nau'ikan juzu'i (kamar bushing wheel, saman haƙoran haƙora), da lura ko sawa iri ɗaya ce.
- Ƙaddamar nau'in lalacewa mara kyau:
- Pitting: rashin lubrication mara kyau ko rashin isasshen kayan abu;
- Spalling: wuce gona da iri ko lahani magani;
- Scratch: ƙazanta suna kutsawa ko gazawar hatimi.
2. Tabbatar da Ayyukan Hatimi
- Gudanar da gwaje-gwajen matsin lamba don bincika yatsan hatimin mai, da kwaikwayi yanayin ruwan laka don gwada tasirin ƙura, don hana yashi da laka shiga da haifar da gazawar yayin amfani na gaba.
3. Sake auna Mahimman Ma'auni
- Auna maɓallan maɓalli kamar diamita na axle na dabaran da keɓan shinge na kayan aikin don tabbatar da cewa ba su wuce kewayon haƙuri ba bayan gudu.
IV. Gwajin Daidaituwar Muhalli na Musamman
1. Matsanancin Gwajin Zazzabi
- Tabbatar da ikon hana asarar maiko a cikin yanayin zafi mai zafi (+50 ℃ da sama); gwada brittleness na kayan da sanyi fara yi a cikin ƙananan yanayin zafi (-30 ℃ da ƙasa).
2. Juriya na Lalata da Juriya
- Gwaje-gwajen fesa gishiri suna kwaikwayi mahalli na bakin teku ko deicing don bincika ikon hana lalata na sutura ko plating;
- Gwaje-gwajen kura suna tabbatar da tasirin kariya na hatimi a kan lalacewa.
V. Tsaro da Inganta Ingantawa
1. Matakan Kariya
- A bencin gwajin yana dauke da birki na gaggawa da kuma shingen hana afkuwar hadurran da ba zato ba tsammani kamar karyewar ramummuka da karyewar hakora a lokacin shiga ciki.
- Masu aiki dole ne su sa kayan kariya kuma su nisantar da sassa masu saurin juyawa.
2. Ingantaccen Bayanan Bayanai
- Ta hanyar kafa samfurin daidaitawa tsakanin sigogi masu gudana da tsawon rayuwa ta hanyar bayanan firikwensin (kamar juzu'i, saurin juyawa, da zafin jiki), za'a iya inganta lokacin aiki da lanƙwan kaya don haɓaka ƙwarewar gwaji.
VI. Matsayin Masana'antu da Biyayya
Ma'auni kamar ISO 6014 (Hanyoyin Gwaji don Injin Motsin Duniya) da GB/T 25695 (Sharuɗɗan Fasaha don Injin Injin Gine-gine na Waƙa);
- Don kayan aikin fitarwa, bi buƙatun takaddun yanki kamar CE da ANSI.
Takaitawa
Gwajin gudu na nadi huɗu na crawler under carriage chassis yakamata a haɗa shi tare da ainihin yanayin aiki na injin gini. Ta hanyar kwaikwaiyon nauyin kimiyar, daidaiton bayanai na saka idanu da bincike mai tsauri, za a iya tabbatar da dogaro da tsawon rayuwar sabis na injin ƙafa huɗu a cikin mahalli masu rikitarwa. A lokaci guda, yakamata sakamakon gwajin ya samar da tushe kai tsaye don haɓaka ƙira (kamar zaɓin kayan abu da haɓaka tsarin hatimi), ta haka rage ƙimar gazawar bayan tallace-tallace da haɓaka gasa samfurin.