Popanga makina opangira makina opangira makina omanga, kuyesa komwe kumafunika kuchitidwa pa chassis yonse ndi mawilo anayi (nthawi zambiri amatanthauza sprocket, idler yakutsogolo, track roller, top roller) pambuyo pa msonkhano ndi gawo lofunikira kuti muwonetsetse kudalirika komanso kulimba kwa chassis. Zotsatirazi ndi mfundo zazikulu zomwe muyenera kuziganizira panthawi ya mayeso othamanga:
I. Kukonzekera mayeso asanayesedwe
1. Kuyeretsa chigawo ndi mafuta
- Chotsani bwino zotsalira za msonkhano (monga zinyalala zachitsulo ndi madontho amafuta) kuti zonyansa zisalowe mu chipangizocho ndikupangitsa kuvala kwachilendo chifukwa cha kukangana.
- Onjezani mafuta apadera opaka mafuta (monga mafuta otenthetsera kwambiri a lithiamu) kapena mafuta opaka monga mwaukadaulo kuti muwonetsetse kuti magawo osuntha monga ma fani ndi magiya amathiridwa mafuta mokwanira.
2. Kutsimikizira Kulondola kwa Kuyika
- Yang'anani kulolerana kwa mawilo anayi (monga coaxiality ndi parallelism), kuwonetsetsa kuti gudumu loyendetsa likuyenda ndi njanji popanda kupatuka komanso kuti kukakamira kwa gudumu lowongolera kumakwaniritsa mtengo wake.
- Gwiritsani ntchito chida cholumikizira cha laser kapena choyimba kuti muwone kufanana kwa kulumikizana pakati pa mawilo osagwira ntchito ndi maulalo a track.
3. Ntchito Pre-kuwunika
- Mukaphatikiza masitima apamtunda, tembenuzani pamanja kuti muwonetsetse kuti palibe phokoso lambiri kapena phokoso lachilendo.
- Onani ngati zigawo zosindikizira (monga mphete za O ndi zosindikizira zamafuta) zili m'malo kuti mafuta asatayike panthawi yomwe akuthamanga.
II. Mfundo Zazikulu Poyesa
1. Katundu ndi Operating Condition Kayeseleledwe
- Kutsitsa Kwapang'onopang'ono: Yambani ndi katundu wochepa (20% -30% wa katundu wovotera) pa liwiro lotsika poyambira, pang'onopang'ono kuwonjezeka mpaka kudzaza ndi kudzaza (110% -120%) mikhalidwe kuti muyese zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi zochitika zenizeni.
- Complex Terrain Simulation: Khazikitsani zochitika monga mabampu, ma inclines, ndi malo otsetsereka pa benchi yoyesera kuti mutsimikizire kukhazikika kwa ma gudumu pansi pa kupsinjika kwamphamvu.
2. Nthawi Yeniyeni Monitoring Parameters
- Kuwunika kwa Kutentha: Ma thermometers a infrared amawunika kutentha kwa ma bearing ndi ma gearbox. Kutentha kopitilira muyeso kumatha kuwonetsa kusakwanira kwamafuta kapena kusokoneza kwa mikangano.
- Kusanthula kwa Vibration ndi Phokoso: Masensa othamanga amasonkhanitsa ma vibration. Phokoso lapamwamba kwambiri limatha kuloza ku magiya osakwanira kapena kuwonongeka kwa katundu.
- Kuwongolera Kuwongolera Kukuwotcha: Yang'anirani mwamphamvu makina a hydraulic tensioning gudumu lowongolera kuti njanji isakhale yotayirira (kutsetsereka) kapena yothina kwambiri (yowonjezera kuvala) pakuthamanga.
- Kumveka Kwachilendo ndi Kusintha: Yang'anani kuzungulira kwa mawilo anayi ndi kugwedezeka kwa njanji kuchokera kumakona angapo panthawi yothamanga. Yang'anani kusintha kwachilendo kapena mawu kuti mupeze molondola komanso mwachangu pomwe pali vuto.
3. Lubrication Condition Management
- Pakugwira ntchito kwa chassis, yang'anani kuwonjezeredwa kwamafuta munthawi yake kuti mafuta asawonongeke chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri; potsegula magiya, yang'anani momwe filimu yamafuta imapangidwira pamagetsi.
III. Kuyang'ana ndi Kuunika Pambuyo Kuyesedwa
1. Valani Trace Analysis
- Gwirani ndikuyang'ana mapeyala osweka (monga gudumu losagwira ntchito, dzino la gudumu), ndikuwona ngati chovalacho ndi chofanana.
- Kutsimikiza kwa mtundu wamavalidwe olakwika:
- Pitting: mafuta osakwanira kapena kuuma kwakuthupi kosakwanira;
- Spalling: kulemetsa kapena kutentha kutentha chilema;
- Kukandira: zonyansa zimalowa kapena kulephera kusindikiza.
2. Kusindikiza Magwiridwe Kutsimikizira
- Yesetsani kuyesa kukakamiza kuti muwone ngati chisindikizo chamafuta chikutha, ndikuyerekeza malo amadzi amatope kuti muyese momwe angagwiritsire ntchito fumbi, kuteteza mchenga ndi matope kuti zisalowe ndikupangitsa kulephera kubereka pakagwiritsidwa ntchito motsatira.
3. Kuyezanso Miyeso Yaikulu
- Yezerani miyeso yofunikira monga kukula kwa gudumu la gudumu ndi ma meshing chilolezo cha magiya kuti mutsimikizire kuti sanapitirire kulekerera mutathamanga.
IV. Kuyesa Kwapadera kwa Kusintha kwa Zachilengedwe
1. Kuyesa Kwambiri Kutentha
- Tsimikizirani mphamvu yoletsa kutayika kwamafuta m'malo otentha kwambiri (+50 ℃ ndi pamwambapa); yesani kuwonongeka kwa zida ndi kuzizira koyambira kozizira m'malo otentha (-30 ℃ ndi pansipa).
2. Kukaniza kwa Corrosion ndi Kukaniza Kuvala
- Mayeso opopera mchere amatsanzira malo okhala m'mphepete mwa nyanja kapena opangira deicing kuti ayang'ane kuthekera kwa anti-corrosion kwa zokutira kapena zokutira;
- Mayeso a fumbi amatsimikizira momwe zisindikizo zimatchinjiriza motsutsana ndi kuvala kwa abrasive.
V. Chitetezo ndi Kuchita Bwino Kwambiri
1. Njira Zotetezera Chitetezo
- Benchi yoyesera imakhala ndi mabuleki mwadzidzidzi ndi zotchinga kuti mupewe ngozi zosayembekezereka monga ma shafts osweka ndi mano osweka pakuthamanga.
- Oyendetsa amayenera kuvala zida zodzitchinjiriza ndikupewa mbali zozungulira kwambiri.
2. Kukhathamiritsa koyendetsedwa ndi data
- Pokhazikitsa mtundu wolumikizana pakati pa magawo othamanga ndi moyo wautali kudzera mu data ya sensor (monga torque, liwiro lozungulira, ndi kutentha), nthawi yothamanga komanso yokhotakhota imatha kukonzedwa kuti iwonjezere kuyesa.
VI. Miyezo ya Makampani ndi Kutsata
- Tsatirani mfundo monga ISO 6014 (Njira Zoyesera za Makina Oyendetsa Pansi) ndi GB/T 25695 (Technical Conditions for Track-type Construction Machinery Chassis);
- Pazida zotumizira kunja, tsatirani zofunikira za certification zachigawo monga CE ndi ANSI.
Chidule
Mayeso oyendetsa ma roller anayi a crawler undercarriage chassis ayenera kuphatikizidwa kwambiri ndi momwe amagwirira ntchito pamakina omanga. Kupyolera mu kuyerekezera katundu wa sayansi, kuwunika kolondola kwa deta ndi kusanthula kosalephera, kudalirika ndi moyo wautali wautumiki wa machitidwe a magudumu anayi m'madera ovuta akhoza kutsimikiziridwa. Nthawi yomweyo, zotsatira zoyesa ziyenera kupereka maziko achindunji owongolera kapangidwe kake (monga kusankha zinthu ndi kukhathamiritsa kwa mawonekedwe osindikizira), potero kuchepetsa kulephera kugulitsa pambuyo pogulitsa ndikukweza mpikisano wazinthu.