Terefone:
Imeri:
Mu gikorwa cyo gukora chassis yo munsi y’igare ikurikiranwa ku mashini z’ubwubatsi, ikizamini cyo gukoresha kigomba gukorwa kuri chassis yose n’amapine ane (akenshi yerekeza kuri sprocket, front idler, track roller, top roller) nyuma yo guteranya ni intambwe y’ingenzi kugira ngo chassis ibe yizewe kandi irambe. Ingingo zikurikira ni iz’ingenzi zo kwibandaho mu gihe cyo gukoresha ikizamini:
I. Imyiteguro mbere yo gukora ikizamini
1. Gusukura no gusiga ibice by'umubiri
- Kuraho neza ibisigazwa by'amateraniro (nk'imyanda y'icyuma n'ibisigazwa by'amavuta) kugira ngo wirinde ko imyanda yinjira mu gikoresho igatera kwangirika kudasanzwe bitewe no gukururana.
- Shyiramo amavuta yihariye yo kwisiga (nk'amavuta akoresha litiyumu mu bushyuhe bwinshi) cyangwa amavuta yo kwisiga nk'uko biteganywa n'amabwiriza ya tekiniki kugira ngo urebe ko ibice bigenda nk'amabere na giteri bifite amavuta ahagije.
2. Kugenzura neza uko ibintu byifashishwa
- Reba ubushobozi bwo guteranya amapine ane (nk'uburyo bwo guhuza amaguru n'amapine), urebe neza ko uruziga rw'imodoka rukorana n'inzira nta guhindagurika kandi ko imbaraga z'uruziga rw'inyuma zujuje imiterere y'igishushanyo.
- Koresha igikoresho cyo guhuza ibyuma cya laser cyangwa ikimenyetso cyo gupima kugira ngo umenye uburyo amapine y'inyuma n'imirongo y'inzira bihurira.
3. Imikorere yo gusuzuma mbere y'igihe
- Nyuma yo guteranya ibikoresho, banza ubizungurutse n'intoki kugira ngo urebe neza ko nta gutinda cyangwa urusaku rudasanzwe bihari.
- Reba niba ibice byo gufunga (nk'impeta za O-rings n'ibishushanyo by'amavuta) biriho kugira ngo hirindwe ko amavuta yameneka mu gihe cyo kwinjira.
II. Ingingo z'ingenzi zo kugenzura mu gihe cyo gusuzuma
1. Gusimbuza Imitwaro n'Imiterere y'Imikorere
- Gutanga ibikoresho mu byiciro: Tangira n'umutwaro muto (20%-30% by'umutwaro ugenwe) ku muvuduko muto mu cyiciro cya mbere, ugenda wiyongera buhoro buhoro kugeza ku mutwaro wuzuye no kurenza urugero (110%-120%) kugira ngo wigane ingaruka z'umutwaro ugaragara mu bikorwa nyabyo.
- Gusimbuza ahantu hagoye: Shyiraho ibintu nk'ibiturika, imiterere, n'ubuso bw'impande ku ntebe y'igerageza kugira ngo urebe neza ko sisitemu y'amapine ihamye mu gihe cy'imbaraga zidasanzwe.
2. Ibipimo byo kugenzura mu gihe nyacyo
- Gukurikirana ubushyuhe: Ibipimo by'ubushyuhe bya infrared bikurikirana izamuka ry'ubushyuhe bwa bearings na gearboxes. Ubushyuhe bwinshi budasanzwe bushobora kugaragaza ko amavuta adahagije cyangwa ko friction idashobora kugabanuka.
- Isesengura ry'Urusaku n'Umutingito: Ibikoresho byo kwihutisha bikusanya ibipimo byo gutigita. Urusaku rwinshi rushobora kugaragaza ko ibikoresho bidafite ubushobozi bwo gufunga cyangwa kwangirika kw'ibice.
- Guhindura Umuvuduko w'Inzira: Genzura neza sisitemu yo gukaza umuvuduko w'amazi y'uruziga ruyobora kugira ngo wirinde ko inzira irekura cyane (igwa) cyangwa ngo ipfuke cyane (irushaho kwangirika) mu gihe cyo kwinjira.
- Amajwi n'Impinduka Zidasanzwe: Reba uko amapine ane azunguruka n'umuvuduko w'inzira uturutse mu mfuruka nyinshi mu gihe cyo kwinjira. Reba niba hari impinduka cyangwa amajwi adasanzwe kugira ngo umenye neza kandi vuba aho ikibazo giherereye cyangwa icyateye.
3. Gucunga imiterere y'amavuta yo kwisiga
- Mu gihe cy'imikorere ya chassis, genzura ku gihe ko amavuta asubiramo kugira ngo wirinde kwangirika kw'amavuta bitewe n'ubushyuhe bwinshi; kugira ngo ufungure vitesi, reba uko icyuma gitwikira amavuta gitwikiriye ku buso bwa vitesi.
III. Igenzura n'isuzuma nyuma yo gupima
1. Isesengura ry'imibare y'imyenda
- Kuramo no kugenzura impande zombi (nk'umugozi w'igare utagira icyo uhindura, amenyo y'igare ritwara), hanyuma urebe niba ubusaza bwazo ari bumwe.
- Kumenya ubwoko bw'imyambarire idasanzwe:
- Guturika: amavuta make cyangwa ubukana budahagije bw'ibikoresho;
- Kugabanya: ikibazo cyo kurenga urugero cyangwa kuvura ubushyuhe;
- Gushwanyaguza: imyanda yinjira cyangwa ipfundikanya ry'ibifunga.
2. Kugenzura imikorere y'ipfundikizo
- Gukora ibizamini by'umuvuduko kugira ngo harebwe niba hari aho amavuta apfundikiye, no kwigana aho amazi arimo ibyondo kugira ngo ugerageze ingaruka zidashobora kuvumbirwa n'umukungugu, kugira ngo wirinde ko umucanga n'ibyondo byinjira bigatuma amapine agwa mu gihe cyo kuyakoresha nyuma.
3. Kongera gupima ibipimo by'ingenzi
- Pima ingano z'ingenzi nk'umurambararo w'umuziga w'uruziga n'aho verisiyo zihagarara kugira ngo wemeze ko zitarenze urugero rw'ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira nyuma yo gukora.
IV. Isuzuma ryihariye ry’uburyo ibidukikije bihangana n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere
1. Gupima ubushyuhe bukabije
- Kugenzura ubushobozi bw'amavuta mu kurwanya igihombo mu bidukikije birimo ubushyuhe bwinshi (+50℃ no hejuru yayo); gerageza uburyo ibikoresho bipfa ubusa n'ubushobozi bwo gutangira ubukonje mu bidukikije bifite ubushyuhe buke (-30℃ no munsi yabyo).
2. Kurwanya ingese no kurwanya kwangirika
- Ibizamini byo gusukura umunyu byigana ibidukikije byo ku nkombe cyangwa ibitera ubushyuhe kugira ngo harebwe ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ingese bw'ibirahure cyangwa ibice byo gupfuka;
- Ibizamini by'umukungugu bigenzura ingaruka z'uburinzi bw'udupfundikizo mu kwirinda kwangirika.
V. Kunoza Umutekano n'Imikorere Myiza
1. Ingamba zo Kurinda Umutekano
- Intebe yo gupimisha ifite feri yihutirwa n'inzitizi zo gukumira impanuka zitunguranye nk'imigozi yavunitse n'amenyo yavunitse mu gihe cyo gusimbuka.
- Abakoresha bagomba kwambara ibikoresho byo kwirinda no kwirinda ibice bizenguruka vuba cyane.
2. Gutunganya amakuru hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa "Data-based Optimization"
- Mu gushyiraho icyitegererezo cy’isano hagati y’ibipimo byo gukora n’ubuzima binyuze mu makuru ya sensor (nk’umuvuduko, umuvuduko wo kuzenguruka, n’ubushyuhe), igihe cyo gukora n’umutwaro bishobora kunozwa kugira ngo byongere imikorere myiza yo gupima.
VI. Amahame ngenderwaho n'Iyubahirizwa ry'Ibikorwa by'Inganda
- Kuzuza amahame nka ISO 6014 (Uburyo bwo gupima imashini zitwara ubutaka) na GB/T 25695 (Ibisabwa mu buhanga ku imashini z’ubwubatsi zo mu bwoko bwa chassis);
- Ku bikoresho byoherezwa mu mahanga, kurikiza ibisabwa mu karere nka CE na ANSI.
Incamake
Ikizamini cyo gukoresha imigozi ine cya chassis yo munsi y’igare gikwiye guhuzwa neza n’imiterere nyayo y’imikorere y’imashini z’ubwubatsi. Binyuze mu kwigana imizigo ya siyansi, gukurikirana neza amakuru no gusesengura neza amakosa, uburyo bwo gukora ibintu bushobora kwemezwa no kuramba mu gihe cy’imikorere ya sisitemu y’amapine ane mu bidukikije bigoye. Muri icyo gihe, ibisubizo by’ikizamini bigomba gutanga ishingiro ry’uburyo bwo kunoza igishushanyo (nk’uburyo bwo guhitamo ibikoresho no kunoza imiterere y’igare), bityo bikagabanya igipimo cyo gutsindwa nyuma yo kugurisha no kongera ubushobozi bwo guhangana kw’ibicuruzwa.