Foni:
Imelo:
Ngakhale kuti ma bulldozer ndi ma excavator onse ndi makina omangira omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri komanso onse amagwiritsidwa ntchito.galimoto yoyenda pansi pa galimoto yoyenda pansi, malo awo ogwirira ntchito ndi osiyana kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kusiyana kwakukulu pamapangidwe awo apansi pa galimoto.
Tiyeni tichite kufananiza mwatsatanetsatane kuchokera kuzinthu zingapo zofunika:
1. Kusiyana kwa Ntchito Zazikulu ndi Malingaliro a Kapangidwe
Ntchito Zazikulu:
Chidebe chapansi pa chidebe cha bulldozer: Chimapereka malo omatira pansi komanso malo okhazikika othandizira kugwetsa.
Chogwirira ntchito chofukula pansi pa galimoto: Chimapereka maziko okhazikika komanso osinthasintha kuti chipangizo chapamwamba chigwire ntchito zofukula mozungulira pa 360°.
Lingaliro la Kapangidwe:
Galimoto yapansi pa galimoto ya bulldozer: Kugwira ntchito molumikizana: Thupi la galimotoyo limalumikizidwa molimba ndi chipangizo chogwirira ntchito (scythe). Chitsulocho chiyenera kunyamula mphamvu yayikulu yogwetsa.
Chitseko chapansi cha galimoto yofukula zinthu zakale: Kugawanika kwa magalimoto: Galimoto yapansi pa galimoto ndiye chonyamulira choyenda, ndipo chipangizo chapamwamba ndiye thupi logwira ntchito. Amalumikizidwa kudzera mu chothandizira chozungulira.
Mgwirizano ndi Chipangizo Chogwirira Ntchito:
Chitseko chapansi pa chidebe cha bulldozer: Chipangizo chogwirira ntchito (scythe) chimalumikizidwa molunjika ku chimango cha pansi pa chidebecho. Mphamvu yokankhira imayendetsedwa ndi kufalikira kwathunthu ndi chidebecho.
Chogwirira ntchito chapansi pa galimoto: Chipangizo chogwirira ntchito (mkono, chidebe, chidebe) chimayikidwa pa nsanja ya galimoto yapamwamba. Mphamvu yofukula imayendetsedwa makamaka ndi kapangidwe ka galimoto yapamwamba, ndipo chogwirira ntchito chapansi pa galimoto makamaka chimakhala ndi nthawi yogubuduza ndi kulemera kwake.
2. Kapangidwe Kake Ndi Kusiyana Kwaukadaulo
Chimango Choyenda ndi Kapangidwe ka Chassis
Bulldozer:
• Amagwiritsa ntchito chitseko cholimba cholumikizidwa: Dongosolo la chitseko chotsika nthawi zambiri limakhala lolimba lolumikizidwa molimba ku chitseko chachikulu chotsika.
• Cholinga: Kuonetsetsa kuti mphamvu yaikulu yochitira zinthu panthawi yogwetsa zinthu itha kutumizidwa mwachindunji komanso popanda kutayika ku galimoto yonse yapansi pa galimoto, kuonetsetsa kuti makinawo ali olimba komanso amphamvu.
Chofukula:
• Imagwiritsa ntchito chimango cha galimoto chapansi chooneka ngati X kapena H, cholumikizidwa ku chipangizo chapamwamba kudzera m'zothandizira zozungulira.
• Cholinga: Dongosolo la pansi pa galimoto limagwira ntchito makamaka yothandizira ndi kuyenda. Kapangidwe kake kayenera kuonetsetsa kuti kulemera kwa nsanja ya galimoto yapamwamba ndi mphamvu yogwirira ntchito yofukula zitha kugawidwa mofanana panthawi yozungulira 360°. Kapangidwe ka X/H kangathe kufalitsa bwino kupsinjika ndikupereka malo oyika chipangizo chozungulira.
Kapangidwe ka Mawilo Onyamula Magalimoto ndi Magalimoto Onyamula Zinthu
Bulldozer:
• Choyezera njanji ndi chachikulu, pansi pa galimoto ndi chochepa, ndipo pakati pa mphamvu yokoka ndi pang'ono.
• Chiwerengero cha ma track rollers ndi chachikulu, kukula kwake ndi kochepa, ndipo amakonzedwa bwino, pafupifupi kuphimba kutalika konse kwa malo otsetsereka.
• Cholinga: Kukulitsa malo olumikizirana ndi nthaka, kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa nthaka, kupereka kukhazikika kwabwino, ndikuletsa kugwedezeka kapena kugubuduzika panthawi yogwetsa. Mawilo okhala ndi katundu wolemera amatha kusamutsa bwino kulemera ku track plate ndikusinthasintha kuti nthaka isagwedezeke.
Chofukula:
• Choyezera njanji ndi chopapatiza, pansi pa galimoto ndi patali, zomwe zimathandiza kuyendetsa ndi kuwoloka zopinga.
• Chiwerengero cha ma track rollers ndi chaching'ono, kukula kwake ndi kwakukulu, ndipo malo oimikapo magalimoto ndi otakata.
• Cholinga: Kupititsa patsogolo kufalikira ndi kusinthasintha pamene mukuonetsetsa kuti zinthu zikuyenda bwino. Mawilo akuluakulu okhala ndi katundu komanso malo okulirapo amathandiza kufalitsa katundu wokhudzana ndi kugwedezeka komwe kumachitika panthawi yofukula zinthu modabwitsa.
Njira Yoyendetsera ndi Kutumiza
Bulldozer:
• Mwachikhalidwe, nthawi zambiri imagwiritsa ntchito ma hydraulic mechanical transmission. Mphamvu ya injini imadutsa mu torque converter, gearbox, central transmission, steering clutch, ndi final drive, ndipo pamapeto pake imafika pa track ndi sprocket.
• Makhalidwe: Kutumiza bwino kwambiri, kumapereka mphamvu yogwira ntchito mosalekeza komanso mwamphamvu, yoyenera mphamvu yogwira ntchito nthawi zonse yofunikira pogwetsa.
Chofukula:
• Makina okumba amakono nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito ma hydraulic transmission. Njira iliyonse imayendetsedwa ndi mota yodziyimira payokha ya hydraulic.
• Makhalidwe: Imatha kukhala ndi chiwongolero pamalo ake, kuyendetsa bwino kwambiri. Kuwongolera kolondola, kosavuta kusintha malo m'malo opapatiza.
Kachitidwe ka Kukakamira ndi Kuyimitsa
Bulldozer:
• Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito choyimitsa cholimba kapena choyimitsa chocheperako. Palibe kapena pali njira yaying'ono yolumikizira pakati pa mawilo onyamula katundu ndi chassis.
• Cholinga: Pa ntchito zapansi panthaka, kuyimitsidwa kolimba kungapereke chithandizo chokhazikika kwambiri, kuonetsetsa kuti ntchito zapansi panthaka ndi zabwino.
Chofukula:
• Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito chipangizo cholimbitsa mpweya wa mafuta chokhala ndi choyimitsira mpweya. Mawilo onyamula katundu amalumikizidwa ku chassis kudzera mu mafuta a hydraulic ndi nayitrogeni gas buffering.
• Cholinga: Kutenga bwino mphamvu ndi kugwedezeka kwa galimoto panthawi yokumba, kuyenda, ndi kuyenda, kuteteza kapangidwe ka galimoto ndi makina oyendetsera madzi, ndikuwonjezera chitonthozo cha makina komanso nthawi yogwira ntchito.
Makhalidwe a kuvala a "ma rollers anayi ndi track imodzi"
Thirakitala:
• Chifukwa cha kuyendetsa pafupipafupi komanso kuyenda mozungulira, mbali zonse za chogwirira chakutsogolo ndi njira zotsatizana za njirazo zimawonongeka kwambiri.
Chofukula:
• Chifukwa cha ntchito zozungulira pafupipafupi pamalopo, kuwonongeka kwa ma track rollers ndi ma top rollers kumaonekera kwambiri, makamaka mbali ya rim.
3. Chidule:
• Chidebe chapansi pa thirakitala chili ngati thupi la pansi la womenyana ndi sumo wolemera kwambiri, wolimba komanso wokhazikika, wokhazikika pansi, ndi cholinga chokankhira mdani patsogolo.
• Chogwirira ntchito chapansi pa galimoto chofukula zinthu zakale chili ngati maziko osinthika a crane, chomwe chimapereka maziko okhazikika a boom yapamwamba komanso chimatha kusintha komwe chikupita komanso malo ake ngati pakufunika kutero.