Terefone:
Imeri:
Nubwo imashini zikoresha amabulldozer n'izicukura ari imashini zisanzwe zo kubaka kandi zombi zikoreshwamunsi y'igare ry'abagenda, aho imikorere yazo itandukanye rwose, ibyo bigatuma habaho itandukaniro rikomeye mu miterere y'igare ryazo.
Reka dukore igereranya rirambuye dukoresheje ibintu byinshi by'ingenzi:
1. Itandukaniro mu Mikorere y'Ingenzi n'Ibitekerezo by'Ibishushanyo
Imirimo y'ingenzi:
Igare ryo munsi y'imodoka ya Bulldozer: Ritanga uburyo bunini bwo gufatana ku butaka n'urubuga ruhamye rwo gufasha mu gusenya ibikorwa.
Imashini icukura munsi y'igare rusange: Itanga ishingiro rihamye kandi ryoroshye kugira ngo igikoresho cyo hejuru gikore imirimo yo gucukura ku bushyuhe bwa 360°.
Igitekerezo cy'Igishushanyo:
Igare ryo munsi y'imodoka ya Bulldozer: Imikorere ihujwe: Igice cy'imodoka gifatanye neza n'igikoresho gikora (icyuma gifunga). Ishashi igomba kuba ifite imbaraga nyinshi zo kugwa.
Imodoka icukura munsi y'igare rusange: Imikorere igabanyijemo kabiri: Imodoka yo hasi niyo itwara abantu, naho igikoresho cyo hejuru ni cyo gikoresho gikora. Bihujwe hakoreshejwe icyuma gishyigikira uruziga.
Isano n'igikoresho gikora:
Igare ryo munsi ya bulldozer: Igikoresho gikora (icyuma gifata umugozi) gifatanye neza n'igare ryo munsi ya bulldozer. Imbaraga zo gusunika zitwarwa zose kandi zigakwirakwizwa n'igare ryo munsi ya bulldozer.
Igare ryo munsi y’imashini icukura: Igikoresho gikora (ukuboko, indobo, indobo) gishyirwa ku rukuta rwo hejuru rw’imodoka. Imbaraga zo gucukura zikorwa ahanini n’imiterere y’imodoka yo hejuru, naho igare ryo munsi y’imodoka rikagira umwanya wo kuzunguruka n’uburemere.
2. Imiterere yihariye n'Itandukaniro rya Tekiniki
Imiterere y'umuhanda n'iy'imodoka
Bulldozer:
• Ikoresha icyuma gifunganye gihamye: Sisitemu yo gufunga isanzwe iba ari imiterere ikomeye ifatanye neza n'icyuma gifunganye gikuru
• Intego: Kugenzura ko imbaraga nyinshi zo kurwanya mu gihe cyo gusenya zishobora koherezwa mu buryo butaziguye kandi nta gihombo ku gice cyose cyo munsi y'ubutaka, bigamije gutuma imashini ihora ihamye kandi ikora neza.
Umucukuzi:
• Ikoresha icyuma cyo hasi cy’imodoka gifite ishusho ya X cyangwa H, gihujwe n’igikoresho cyo hejuru binyuze mu bikoresho bizunguruka.
• Intego: Sisitemu yo munsi y'imodoka ikora ahanini imirimo yo gushyigikira no kugenda. Igishushanyo cyayo kigomba kwemeza ko uburemere bw'urukuta rwo hejuru rw'imodoka n'imbaraga zo gucukura bishobora gukwirakwizwa kimwe mu gihe cyo kuzunguruka kwa 360°. Imiterere ya X/H ishobora gukwirakwiza neza imbaraga no gutanga umwanya wo gushyiramo igikoresho kizunguruka.
Imiterere y'ibiziga bitwara imizigo n'imizigo
Bulldozer:
• Igipimo cy'inzira ni kinini, igice cyo munsi y'umuhanda ni gito, kandi hagati y'imbaraga rukuruzi ni hasi.
• Umubare w'imizingo y'umuhanda ni munini, ingano ni ntoya, kandi iratondekanye cyane, hafi ya yose ikwirakwira ku burebure bw'umuhanda.
• Intego: Kugira ngo ubutaka bugere ku butaka, kugabanya umuvuduko w'ubutaka, gutanga ituze ryiza, no kwirinda kugwa cyangwa kuzunguruka mu gihe cyo kugwa. Amapine aremereye ashobora kohereza neza uburemere ku gice cy'umuhanda no kwihuza n'ubutaka butaringaniye.
Umucukuzi:
• Igipimo cy'inzira ni gito cyane, igice cyo munsi y'imodoka kiri hejuru, ibyo bikaba byoroshya kuyobora no kwambuka inzitizi.
• Umubare w'imizingo y'inzira ni muto, ingano ni nini, kandi intera ni nini.
• Intego: Kunoza ubushobozi bwo kunyura no koroherwa mu gihe habayeho gutuza bihagije. Amapine manini atwara imizigo n'intera nini bifasha gukwirakwiza imizigo y'ingaruka ikomoka mu gihe cyo gucukura ibintu bihindagurika.
Uburyo bwo gutwara no kohereza amakuru
Bulldozer:
• Ubusanzwe, ahanini ikoresha uburyo bwo kohereza amashanyarazi. Ingufu za moteri zinyura muri torque converter, gearbox, central transmission, steering clutch, na final drive, amaherezo ikagera ku muhanda n'agace k'imodoka.
• Ibiranga: Ifite ubushobozi bwo kohereza ubutumwa neza cyane, ishobora gutanga imbaraga zihoraho kandi zihamye, ikwiranye n'ingufu zihoraho zikenewe mu mirimo yo gusenya.
Umucukuzi:
• Abacukuzi ba none muri rusange bakoresha uburyo bwo kohereza amazi hakoreshejwe hydraulic. Buri nzira itwarwa na moteri yigenga ya hydraulic.
• Ibiranga: Ishobora kugera ku buyobozi buri aho iherereye, ikagira ubushobozi bwo kuyobora neza. Igenzura neza, byoroshye guhindura aho iherereye mu mwanya muto.
Sisitemu yo Guhagarika no Guhagarika
Bulldozer:
• Ubusanzwe ikoresha uburyo bwo guhagarara buhamye cyangwa uburyo bwo guhagarara butagoramye. Nta rugendo runini cyangwa gusa hagati y'amapine atwara imizigo n'icyuma gifunga imizigo.
• Intego: Mu bikorwa byo ku butaka bugororotse, guhagarara neza bishobora gutanga inkunga ihamye, bigatuma ibikorwa byo ku butaka bugororotse birushaho kuba byiza.
Umucukuzi:
• Muri rusange ikoresha igikoresho gikurura umwuka uva kuri peteroli gifite icyuma gihagarika umwuka. Amapine atwara imizigo ahujwe na chassis binyuze mu gufunga amavuta ya hydraulic na azote.
• Intego: Gufata neza ingaruka n'imitingito mu gihe cyo gucukura, gutembera no kugenda n'amaguru, kurinda imiterere nyayo y'ikinyabiziga n'uburyo bwo gukora neza, no kunoza uburyo mashini ikora neza kandi ikamara igihe kirekire.
Imiterere y'imyenda ya "four rollers and one track"
Traktori:
• Bitewe n'imikorere ya buri gihe yo kuyobora no kugenda mu buryo bw'umurongo ugororotse, impande z'ikiyiko cy'imbere n'imirongo y'imiyoboro y'imiyoboro birashaje cyane.
Umucukuzi:
• Bitewe n'imikorere ikunze gukorwa yo kuzunguruka ahantu, imashini zizunguruka n'izizunguruka hejuru zirushaho kwangirika, cyane cyane igice cy'umurambararo.
3. Incamake:
• Igare ryo munsi ya traktori rimeze nk'umubiri wo hasi w'umukinnyi uremereye wa sumo, ukomeye kandi uhamye, ushinze imizi mu butaka, ugamije gusunika uwo bahanganye imbere.
• Imodoka yo munsi y’imashini icukura imeze nk’ishingiro ry’imashini ikora neza, itanga ishingiro rihamye ry’ingufu yo hejuru kandi ikabasha guhindura icyerekezo n’aho iherereye uko bikenewe.